A small amount of amniotic fluid is aspirated with a syringe which contains fetal tissues, is sampled. The fetal DNA is then examined for chromosomal and genetic abnormalities.
Amniocentesis

Chorionic Villous Sampling
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), or chorionic villus biopsy, is a prenatal test that involves taking a sample of tissue from the placenta to test for chromosomal abnormalities and certain other genetic problems.
